Mark Hipkin: Glamorgan Year List 2024 BOU, All records Record(s) 1 to 185 of 185 total. Seq. Species Scientific Name Rare? Date Location Comments 1 Brent Goose Branta bernicla 07/01/2024 Crofty, Gower 300+ in flight and on salt marsh in front of Pwll-y-froga(photo) 2 Canada Goose Branta canadensis 03/01/2024 Neath Saltmarsh 50+ feeding salt marsh and on river 3 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis 04/02/2024 Penclawdd Saltmarsh, Burry Inlet 2 with Canada Geese viewed from Penclawdd (photo) 4 Greylag Goose Anser anser 07/01/2024 Berth-lwyd 30+ in scattered groups feeding on salt marsh 5 Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus 21/01/2024 Penclawdd Saltmarsh, Burry Inlet 4 with associating loosely with mixed flock of geese inc DB Brents. Canadas and Greylags (video of birds taken by Barry and I hold a screenshot) 6 Mute Swan Cygnus olor 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park Pair on 1st pond 7 Shelduck Tadorna tadorna 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Handful feeding on salt marsh 8 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata 20/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park Pair on 2nd pond (photo) 9 Shoveler Spatula clypeata 17/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower 8 in with large assemblage of ducks including 100+ Teal 10 Gadwall Mareca strepera 19/01/2024 Penclawdd Pill 2 pairs feeding pill 11 Wigeon Mareca penelope 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point 12 feeding in pill 12 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park c20 on 1st pond 13 Pintail Anas acuta 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower 50+ scattered between Penclawdd Pill and main estuary 14 Teal Anas crecca 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower 40+ feeding in Penclawdd Pill 15 Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis 25/02/2024 Kenfig Pool Drake on pool with Eurasian Teal - video taken 16 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina 20/01/2024 Gnoll Pond Resident female on 2nd pond (photo) 17 Pochard Aythya ferina 21/01/2024 Cosmeston Lakes CP 20+ on west lake 18 Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris 14/01/2024 Lisvane Reservoir Pair on res with Red-necked Grebe on Llanishen reservoir (photo) 19 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula 14/01/2024 Lisvane Reservoir 40+ on reservoir also pair of Ring-necked Duck 20 Scaup Aythya marila 17/02/2024 Cardiff Bay Female with Tufted Duck giving point blank views from Ice Rink boardwalk (photo) 21 Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis 31/03/2024 Cardiff Bay 1st W male at wetland reserve showing well with Tufted Duck flock (photo) 22 Eider Somateria mollissima 28/01/2024 Whiteford c50 on sea near Lighthouse 23 Common Scoter Melanitta nigra 24/01/2024 Longhole Cliff 67 flew west 24 Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis 14/01/2024 Cardiff Bay Imm male showing at orange boys near barrage from Ice Rink (too distant for photo) 25 Goldeneye Bucephala clangula 08/02/2024 Kenfig Pool At least 5 (2 drakes) with good mix of wildfowl on Pool 26 Goosander Mergus merganser 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park 4 (1 drake) om 1st pond 27 Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator 28/01/2024 Whiteford Pair in Burry Pill seen from Bergen Island hide 28 Red Grouse Lagopus lagopus ********** ********** 29 Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 24/01/2024 Overton, Gower In fields adjacent to Coastal Path 30 Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa 27/04/2024 Cillibion, Gower One in road near Penrose Farm flew into field 31 Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba 19/04/2024 Kenfig Pool One showing down to a few metres feeding around south pool area (photo) 32 Swift Apus apus 23/04/2024 Triangular Pond, Baglan One flew low above M4 and over triangular pond. Seen around 20:30 from moving car 33 Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 20/04/2024 Margam Moors A singing male showed in flight and perched in scrub (photo) 34 Rock Dove (Feral Pigeon) Columba livia 01/01/2024 Neath 20+ flying around town centre 35 Stock Dove Columba oenas 10/03/2024 Clyne Woods, Swansea A couple of singing males and some silent individuals around the wood (photo) 36 Woodpigeon Columba palumbus 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Handful feeding on Ivy in adjacent woods 37 Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath One watching birds in garden but visiting 38 Water Rail Rallus aquaticus 24/03/2024 Kenfig Salt Marsh Several birds calling from reedbed 39 Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park 3 on 1st pond 40 Coot Fulica atra 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park 1 on 1st pond 41 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis 14/01/2024 Lisvane Reservoir Small numbers on res 42 Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena 14/01/2024 Llanishen Reservoir One loosely associating with adult and immature GCG (photo) 43 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point 3 in main channel viewed from lay by 44 Slavonian Grebe Podiceps auritus 28/01/2024 Whiteford 1+ feeding in main channel near lighthouse (photo) 45 Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis 14/01/2024 Cardiff Bay one showing distantly from Ice Rink boardwalk in centre of Cardiff Bay. No photo but seen well and photographed by others in following days. 46 Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower 150+ feeding in main channel 47 Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 04/02/2024 Loughor Bridge 3 at Loughor Bridge on falling tide (photo) 48 Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point 1 feeding with Redshank in Penclawdd Pill 49 Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria 17/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 14 in flight over salt marsh 50 American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica 02/04/2024 Sker Point A cracking ad coming out of winter plumage in with c300 Euro Golden Plovers (photo) 51 Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula 28/01/2024 Whiteford c20 feeding on beach near ligthhouse 52 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius 30/03/2024 Crymlyn Burrows 4 showing well in inlet close to Amazon roundabout (photo) 53 Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 200+ scattered around salt marsh 54 Eurasian Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus 27/01/2024 Penclawdd 1 seen feeding with a small herd of Curlews from Dalton's Point 55 Curlew Numenius arquata 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Small number scattered around the salt marsh 56 Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica 17/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower An impressive flock of 60+ on estuary 57 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point 40+ feeding in Penclawdd Pill from Lay by 58 Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus 17/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Single bird flushed by passing car landed 10 yards away 59 Snipe Gallinago gallinago 17/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Handful of birds in flight over salt marsh 60 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 19/01/2024 Penclawdd Pill One showing from car park 61 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus 19/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 2 in flight coming into roost 62 Redshank Tringa totanus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Scattered around the salt marsh viewed from cattle grid 63 Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus 10/02/2024 Penclawdd Pill, Gower One feeding with Greenshank and Redshank in pill on incoming tide. Extremely elusive for me having tried to catch up with it since mid January dipping a dozen or so times (no photo) 64 Greenshank Tringa nebularia 17/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower One feeding in pill 65 Turnstone Arenaria interpres 28/01/2024 Whiteford 100+ feeding on mussel beds around lighthose 66 Knot Calidris canutus 04/02/2024 Blackpill 3 with Barwits among a good assemblage of waders just before a midday HT 67 Sanderling Calidris alba 28/01/2024 Whiteford 50+ seen in flight from Bergen Island hide 68 Dunlin Calidris alpina 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 5 flying around with Lapwing flock 69 Purple Sandpiper Calidris maritima 10/02/2024 Burry Holms at least one feeding with Turnstone on exposed rocks on south side (photo) 70 Little Tern Sternula albifrons 12/04/2024 Baglan Bay 1 feeding offshore over high tide. ID suspected at time but confirmed later from photos. A second bird seen at same location on 29th April but no record shots 71 Common Tern Sterna hirundo 06/04/2024 Eglwys Nunydd Res An adult will all black bill on pontoon near permit office (photo) 72 Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis 13/04/2024 Overton Cliffs, Gower 2 adults past close offshore heading west 73 Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus 10/03/2024 Cardiff Bay 2cy bird flying with Bh Gull flock (too distant for photo) 74 Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla 24/01/2024 Overton Passing in small numbers heading east and west 75 Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Wintering flock that use Cimla Common seen in flight 76 Mediterranean Gull Ichthyaetus melanocephalus 04/02/2024 Blackpill 3 ads + 2nd w in decent sized gull flock (photo) 77 Common Gull Larus canus 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point Small numbers feeding with mixed gull flocks on estuary 78 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis 09/02/2024 Blackpill A large 1st w in gull roost on incoming evening tide (photo) 79 Herring Gull Larus argentatus 01/01/2024 Neath Several of various stages flying over Neath 80 Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis 10/03/2024 Cardiff Bay 3cy + 2x 2cy birds in roost at Cardiff Bay (n0 photo) 81 Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Small numbers feeding on salt marsh 82 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point Handful with Herring Gulls feeding in main channel 83 Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus 29/04/2024 Baglan Bay A dark phase bird watched harassing Common Gulls gathered at sewage outfall (between yellow buoys) chasing scattering flock high into air and catching regurgitated food mid-air 84 Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus 03/05/2024 Overton Cliff, Gower A pale phase adult with spoons past heading west at 18:30 in an otherwise quiet seawatch (photo) 85 Razorbill Alca torda 03/05/2024 Overton Cliff, Gower At least 5 birds in flight heading west towards Worms Head 86 Common Guillemot Uria aalge 13/04/2024 Overton Cliffs, Gower 10 past in singles and twos heading west 87 Red-throated Diver Gavia stellata 10/02/2024 Bracelet Bay, Mumbles One in winter plumage sat on sea 88 Great Northern Diver Gavia immer 14/01/2024 Llanishen Res. Cardiff One still showing against far bank from hide covering lots of distance between dives 89 Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus 30/04/2024 Overton Cliffs, Gower One passed at 07:05 heading east during swatch (06:15 to 09:30) on Force 6 SE wind 90 Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis 15/03/2024 Rhossili, Gower 3 pairs on cliffs above Kitchen Corner with others on view at sea 91 Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus 30/04/2024 Overton Cliffs, Gower c1250 passing east btw 06:15 -09:30 on Force 6 SE wind 92 Gannet Morus bassanus 13/04/2024 Overton Cliffs, Gower 6 past heading west 93 Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh A few in flight over the salt marsh 94 Shag Gulosus aristotelis 24/01/2024 Longhole Cliff 1 feeding close to shore 95 Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point, Gower 10 feeding in pill viewed from lay by (photo) 96 Bittern Botaurus stellaris 08/02/2024 Kenfig Pool 1 in flight over West Pool Reedbed. Weather was atrocious during the hour spent waiting for one of at least two birds present to show (No photo) 97 Little Egret Egretta garzetta 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Several scattered around the marsh 98 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis 06/02/2024 Cosmeston Lakes 2 in lage field south of car park loosely associating with cows (photo) 99 Great White Egret Ardea alba 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh At least 3 feeding on marsh viewed from cattle grid 100 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh One. My first of the year. Outnumbered by GWE's 101 Osprey Pandion haliaetus 05/05/2024 Whiteford Disturbed from Whiteford Point Beach but flew to exposed sandbar and settle there for 30mins before being pushed off by gulls (photo) 102 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 1 in flight over cattle grid 103 Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus 22/01/2024 Penclawdd Fem-type seen hunting over salt marsh from car park (photo) 104 Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus 17/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Male in flight over salt marsh (photo) 105 Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus Yes 22/01/2024 Llanrhidian Dipped on this bird 4 times in 2024 but it finally gave itself up late on and seen flying with male and ringtail Hen Harrier (photo) 106 Red Kite Milvus milvus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh One hunting toward Wernffrwd 107 Buzzard Buteo buteo 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 2 pairs in flight over Weobley Castle 108 Barn Owl Tyto alba 06/03/2024 Southerndown, VoG Adult flew across road in front of car as B4524 approaches Southerndown from north 109 Little Owl Athene noctua ********** ********** 110 Long-eared Owl Asio otus ********** ********** 111 Tawny Owl Strix aluco 05/02/2024 Gnoll Park, Neath male calling near memorial gates 112 Kingfisher Alcedo atthis 27/01/2024 Penclawdd Pill 1 seen in flight over Penclawdd Pill 113 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Female coming to fat balls 114 Green Woodpecker Picus viridis 28/01/2024 Cwm Ivy Woods, Gower 1 heard calling from woods, 1 seen at Overton feeding on green and alighted on telegraph pole (photo) 115 Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Fem type in flight from cattle grid 116 Merlin Falco columbarius 16/01/2024 Llanrhidian Hunting and perched on posts 117 Peregrine Falco peregrinus 28/01/2024 Whiteford Pair hunting over salt marsh and resting on ground (photo) 118 Ring-necked Parakeet Psittacula krameri 28/03/2024 Cardiff Bay This may not count as species is not excepted to Glamorgan bird list yet. A single bird was seen in flight and in trees adjacent to Ice Rink Boardwalk. (photo) 119 Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus 14/04/2024 Whiteford Burrows, Gower A stunning ad male showing ridiculously well feeding in dunes 120 Jay Garrulus glandarius 121 Magpie Pica pica 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath two in adjacent woods 122 Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 24/01/2024 Overton, Gower Pair seen in flight associating loosely with pre roost Jackdaw flock (photo) 123 Jackdaw Coloeus monedula 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Coming to garden to feed on sultanas 124 Rook Corvus frugilegus 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Half dozen or so around rookery in adjacent woods 125 Carrion Crow Corvus corone 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath Two in adjaent woods 126 Raven Corvus corax 14/01/2024 Llanrhidian Pair in flight over salt marsh 127 Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus 21/01/2024 East Paddock, Cosmeston Lakes CP A single bird spending a great deal of time feeding low possibly on ground and flying up to tops of bushes occasionally (photo) 128 Coal Tit Periparus ater 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath 3+ coming to feeders 129 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris 17/02/2024 Clyne Woods 3+ birds seen from main path including two singing males (photo) 130 Willow Tit Poecile montanus 26/01/2024 Caerau 2 showing well visiting feeders (photo) 131 Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath 5+ coming to feeders 132 Great Tit Parus major 01/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath 3+ coming to feeders 133 Skylark Alauda arvensis 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh Handful flying around near cattle grid 134 Sand Martin Riparia riparia 24/03/2024 Kenfig Salt Marsh single bird seen heading inland over river bridge. Later at least a dozen feeding over Margam Moors 135 Swallow Hirundo rustica 28/03/2024 Cardiff Bay My 150th bird of the year in Glamorgan. A single bird with 150+ Sand Martins feeding over water 136 House Martin Delichon urbicum 07/04/2024 Eglwys Nunydd 6 flying over horse's field at end of Heol Care Bont 137 Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti 11/02/2024 Tennant Canal, Skewen 1 heard calling from Neath roundabout. Later seen at Margam Moors 7/4/24 138 Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 4 seen feeding on footballs in garden 139 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix 17/04/2024 Mosshouse Wood, nr Neath Singing male plus a second calling bird showing well in regular spot (video taken with iPhone) 140 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus 30/03/2024 Overton, Gower A silent bird in trees near sewage works 141 Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita 28/01/2024 Crofty, Gower 2 feeding near dung heap on triangular salt marsh. Also 2 Siberian Chiffchaffs present (photo of 1 Sibe) 142 Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus 06/04/2024 Eglwys Nunydd 2 along Longmans Lane with one showing and a further 2 singing in Margam Moors part of an impressive fall of migrants 143 Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus 12/04/2024 Kenfig Saltmarsh At least 8 singing males, with two seen, here and at former Marshalling Yard 144 Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia 20/04/2024 Pant-y-Sais Fen At least one male reeling and showing in reeded from canal towpath (photo) 145 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 05/01/2024 Garden, Cimla, Neath female feeding on fatballs 146 Garden Warbler Sylvia borin 21/04/2024 Whiteford Burrows An elusive male singing and showing briefly in scrub adjoining plantation at lighthouse end 147 Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca 20/04/2024 Margam Moors At least 3 singing males along coastal path occasionally showing briefly (photo) 148 Whitethroat Curruca communis 12/04/2024 Margam Tip 3 singing males and 4 silent birds here and at Margam Moors 149 Dartford Warbler Curruca undata ********** ********** 150 Goldcrest Regulus regulus 04/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 1 feeding in Yew hedge in garden 151 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park 1 near 1st pond 152 Nuthatch Sitta europaea 26/01/2024 Caerau 1+ coming to feeding area 153 Treecreeper Certhia familiaris 15/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 1 feeding in Cyprus in garden 154 Starling Sturnus vulgaris 06/01/2024 Reynoldston, Gower 4000+ leaving roost in trees near King Arthur 155 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 01/01/2024 Gnoll Country Park 1 near Memorial Gates 156 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus 07/01/2024 Crofty, Gower 1 in flight near Pwll-y-froga 157 Redwing Turdus iliacus 21/01/2024 Cosmeston Country Park 30+ feeding in trees in West Paddock 158 Blackbird Turdus merula 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath c12 feeding in garden and in Ivy in woods behind 159 Fieldfare Turdus pilaris 21/01/2024 Cosmeston Country Park c10 feeding in trees around West Paddock 160 Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus 12/04/2024 Foel Fynyddau, Cwmavan Single male with 8 Wheatears in field on SW side which has form for this species in Spring (photo) 161 Robin Erithacus rubecula 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 2 feeding in garden 162 Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca 18/04/2024 Near Banwen Pyrddin A pair on territory showing both sides of Avon Pyrddin 163 Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus 06/04/2024 Margam Moors 11 (10m +1f) on Margam Moors and along Longmans Lane. Part of an impressive fall of birds with 7 males in hedge on Margam Moors on view in a single scanning sweep with bins! 164 Stonechat Saxicola rubicola 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 5+ scattered around saltmarsh 165 Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe 24/03/2024 Kenfig Castle A male showing briefly around log piles. Later 3 around dune slacks towards salt marsh 166 Dipper Cinclus cinclus 18/04/2024 Pontneddfechan One perched up on Glamorgan side of Neddfechan River 167 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 10+ feeding in garden 168 Dunnock Prunella modularis 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 1+ feeding in garden 169 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 06/02/2024 Gnoll Country Park male feeding on path by Memorial Gates 170 Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba 01/01/2024 Neath 2 on Dyfed Road near building site 171 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian several feeding around salt marsh 172 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis 09/04/2024 Parc Coetir nr Hirwaun, RCT 2 singing males holding territory 173 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta 21/01/2024 Penclawdd Single bird called out and seen in flight with Barry S (Later a record shot of one at Neath salt marsh on 11/2/24)) 174 Rock Pipit Anthus petrosus 07/01/2024 Dalton's Point 1 feeding below embankment near lay by. And 3 littoralis-types seen together on moored boat viewed from Dalton's Point lay by (photo) 175 Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 01/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 2 feeding on lawn below feeders 176 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes 10/03/2024 Forest Ganol 4+ calling and showing in trees and in flight near feeding area below White House (photo) 177 Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula 28/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 1 calling and perched in bush next to Marsh Rd 178 Greenfinch Chloris chloris 13/01/2024 Reynoldston, Gower male singing and in flight around Lower Green 179 Linnet Linaria cannabina 07/01/2024 Llanrhidian Marsh 10+ in flight over salt marsh 180 Lesser Redpoll Acanthis cabaret 18/04/2024 Near Banwen Pyrddin Six feeding on track near Avon Pyrddin 181 Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra 17/03/2024 Garwnant Flock of 42 feeding in Western Hemlock (photo) 182 Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 07/01/2024 Crofy, Gower 8 in flight near Pwll-y-froga 183 Siskin Spinus spinus 15/01/2024 Cimla, Neath 1 feeding on sunflower hearts in garden 184 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella 24/01/2024 nr Port Eynon, Gower 3 in roadside hedge near Moor Corner Farm 185 Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus 07/01/2024 Salthouse Point, Gower 3 in brambles on rough ground